Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo kuqoqosho lwaseTshayina, amashishini okhenketho kunye namashishini ehotele achumile, ebangela ukuba imakethi yokuhlamba ilineni. Njengoko imbonakalo yezoqoqosho yaseTshayina iyaqhubeka, amacandelo ngamacandelo afumana ukukhula, kwaye intengiso yokuhlamba impompo ayikho. Eli nqaku livala kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zentengiso ye-Chinese Chinese, iphonononge ukukhula kwayo, izinto kunye nethemba elizayo.
1. Ubungakanani bentengiso kunye nokukhula
Njengama-2020, ubungakanani bentengiso ye-China yokuhlamba i-Chile Ubungakanani bentengiso yezixhobo zentengiso bekukho malunga ne-2,5 yezigidigidi zeRMB, kunye nenqanaba lokukhula kwe-10.5%. Ubungakanani beentengiso zentengiso yayijikeleze i-3 yeebhiliyoni ze-RMB, ukukhula nge-7%, ngelixa imakethi yentengiso yayimi kwi-3 yeebhiliyoni yeRMB, yanda nge-6%. La manani abonisa ukuba ubungakanani bentengiso ye-China yokuhlamba i-Chile iShishini iyanda, ukugcina inqanaba lokukhula eliphakamileyo kwaye kubonisa amandla omzi-mveliso.
Ukunyuka okungagungqiyo kubungakanani bentengiso kuqaqambisa imfuno yokukhula kweenkonzo zokuhlamba iimpahla e-China. Le mfuno iqhutywa ngezinto ezininzi, kubandakanya nemigangatho yokuphila yokuphila, ukwandiswa kwecandelo lezoKhenketho kunye nezokubuka iindwendwe, kunye nokwazisa ngococeko kunye nococeko. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubungakanani bentengiso buqhubekile bukhule ngokuthe vele, babonisa ubume beshishini.
2. Imakethi yokuhlamba
Ngokwesixhobo sokuhlamba, malunga nowama-2010, i-thehehers ye-tennel yaqalisa ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kumachibi aseTshayina. I-Tunnel Shehers, eyaziwa ngokuba nokusebenza kwazo kunye nomthamo, iguqukele kumzi mveliso wokuhlamba imbambano. Ukususela ngo-2012 ukuya kwi-2020, inani leendawo ze-tennel Shehers ziyasebenza eTshayina ziqhubeka nokuphakama, kunye ne-20 yeeyunithi zonyaka, zifikelela kwi-2034 ye-2034.
Njengoko imeko ye-pandemic iphuculwe ngokuthe ngcembe, inani leendawo zokusebenza ze-tunnel basebenza kwi-Intanethi ekuhlaleni i-China yelineni ithengisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwe-2021, i-1,214, i-1,214, ireyithi yokukhula yeminyaka engama-30,214, i-1,214. Olu chaphaza lunokuchazwa kugxininiso oluphakamileyo kucoceko kunye nococeko xa kusenziwa ibhulukhwe. Ukuhlamba iimpahla kunye nokuhlamba kwamaziko kutyalwe kakhulu ekuphuculeni izixhobo zabo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho emitsha kunye neemfuno.
Ukuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho i-tunnel ye-tunnel ikhupha izibonelelo ezininzi kumzi mveliso. Aba matshini bayakwazi ukuphatha imiqulu emikhulu yokuhlamba iimpahla ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ixesha kunye nabasebenzi abafunekayo ukuhlamba. Ukongeza, banikezela ngamanzi angcono kunye nokusebenza kwamandla, igalelo kwizigcino zeendleko kunye nokuzinza kwendalo. Njengoko impahla engakumbi yamkela oomatshini abaphumeleleyo, imveliso epheleleyo kunye nokusebenza kwempumelelo kwemveliso icwangcisiwe ukuphucula.
3. Imveliso yasekhaya yezixhobo zokuhlamba
Ngaphezu koko, ukusukela ngo-2015 ukuya kwi-2020, ireyithi yemveliso yekhaya ye-Tunnel Sheail Shiciorly inyukele ngexabiso lemveliso ye-chinale ye-chinale, iqinisekisa ukubonelelwa kwezixhobo zokuchitha ixesha eliphezulu. Olu phuhliso lubonelela ngesiseko esomeleleyo sokukhula kweshishini lokuhlamba i-chinale.
Ukunyuka kwemveliso yasekhaya kukho iTestamente ekhulayo yeZandla zase China kwimveliso yezixhobo eziphezulu zokuhlamba. Abavelisi bendawo batyale imali kuphando kunye nophuhliso ukuphucula iimveliso zabo kwaye bahlangabezane nemigangatho yamazwe. Olu tshintsho kwimveliso yangaphakathi aluyi kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimpahla yokungenisa elizweni kodwa ikwandisa ukuqhubela phambili kunye nokuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha ngaphakathi kweli lizwe.
I-4. Ukunyuka kweTekhnoloji kunye nokuNgenisa kwakhona
Ukuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni imarike yokuhlamba i-Chinese. Abavelisi bayaqhubeka nokuphumelela ukukhulisa oomatshini bokuhlamba ngakumbi, othembekileyo. Ezi zicelo zinokukhokelela kuphuculo olubalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuhlamba, ezikhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi okuphezulu.
Enye inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo kukudityaniswa kweetekhnoloji ze-smart ukuya koomatshini bokuhlamba. Izixhobo zokuhlamba zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokulawula eziza kwenza i-Cycles yokuhlamba ngokusekwe kuhlobo kunye nomthwalo wempahla yokuhlamba iimpahla. Ezi zinto smart turiveras ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokuhlamba, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye namandla.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuphuculwa kwee-ofisi ze-eco-ges kunye nearhente zokucoca nezenziweyo kukwanegalelo ekukhuleni kwentengiso. Abavelisi bagxile ekuveliseni izitopu ezingasebenzi kakuhle ekucoceni kodwa kukhuselekile kwindalo. Ezi mveliso ze-Eco-fand zifumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathengi abaya kuthi bazinda ngakumbi kwindalo.
5. Ifuthe leCovid-19
ICovid-19 i-Pandemic inefuthe elinzulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kwaye imakethi yokuhlamba impompo ayikho. Ukugxininiswa okuphakamileyo kwi-hygiene kunye nokucoceka kuqhubele phambili ibango lokuhlamba iinkonzo, ngakumbi kumacandelo anjengokhathalelo lwempilo, ukubuka iindwendwe, kunye neenkonzo zokutya. Esi sidingo esonyukayo senziwe i-iuundiries sokutyala imali kwizixhobo eziphambili zokuhlamba kunye netekhnoloji yokudibana nemigangatho ecocekileyo ye-hygiene.
Ukongeza, ibhubhane ikhawulezise ukwamkelwa kwezisombululo zonxibelelwano nezizenzekelayo. Ukuchitha amanzi kuya kubandakanya ukusebenza kwezenzekelayo ukunciphisa ungenelelo lomntu kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wongcoliseko. Ezi nkqubo zizenzekelayo ziqinisekisa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuhlamba, zinika uxolo lwengqondo kubathengi.
6. Imiceli mngeni kunye namathuba
Ngelixa imarike yokuhlamba impahla yaseTshayina inikezela ngamathuba amaninzi, ijongene nemiceli mngeni ethile. Omnye wemiceli mngeni ephambili kukunyuka kwexabiso lezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye namandla. Abavelisi kufuneka bafumane iindlela zokuphucula iinkqubo zabo zemveliso kwaye banciphise iindleko ngaphandle kokulalanisa kumgangatho. Oku kufuna ukuba nezinto eziphucukileyo kunye nokuphuculwa kwempumelelo.
Omnye umngeni kukhuhlisile kukhuphiswano kwintengiso. Ngemfuno ekhulayo yokuhlamba iinkonzo, abadlali abaninzi bangena ishishini, bakwazi ukwandisa ukhuphiswano. Ukuze uhlale ngaphambili, iinkampani kufuneka zikwazi ukwahlula ngokwabo ngokusemgangathweni, iimveliso ezinobuchule, kunye nenkonzo efanelekileyo yabathengi.
Ngaphandle kwale miceli mngeni, imakethi inika amathuba abalulekileyo ekukhuleni. Ukwandiswa kwenqanaba eliphakathi e-China, kudityaniswe nokwazi ukuphakama kwe-hygiene kunye nococeko, kuzisa isiseko esikhulu somthengi kwinkonzo yokuhlamba iimpahla. Ukongeza, ukukhula kwenqanaba lokuphuma kweenkonzo zokuhlamba iimpahla ngeehotele, ezibhedlele, kunye namanye amaziko abonelela ngomsinga weshishini ozinzileyo.
I-7. Amathemba exesha elizayo
Ukujonga phambili, ikamva lemakethi yokuhlamba i-Chinese ye-Chinese ibonakala iyathembisa. Umzi mveliso kulindeleke ukuba uqhubeke nokuThulela kweTrajectory, eqhutywa sisidingo esandayo sokuhlamba iinkonzo kunye nenkqubela phambili kwi-teknoloji. Abavelisi banokuthi batyale imali ngakumbi kuphando kunye nophuhliso ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ezinobuchule obunika iimfuno zezinto ezivela kubathengi.
Ngapha koko, ukugxila kozinzo nokulondolozwa kokusingqongileyo kulindeleke ukuba kubekho ikamva lentengiso. Njengoko abathengi beqonda ngakumbi impembelelo yabo yokusingqongileyo, kuya kubakho imfuno ekhulayo yeZisombululo zokuhlamba i-Eco. Abavelisi baya kufuna ukuba babeka phambili ukuzinza kuPhuculo lwabo lweMveliso kunye nokuSebenza ukuze bafezekise le mfuno.
Ukuqukumbela, imakethi yokuhlamba i-Chinese ye-Chinese ifumene ukukhula okutsha kule minyaka idlulileyo, iqhutywa ngamacandelo okokwaphuka kwezokwanda kwezokhuphiswano kunye nokuhambela kwezobuchwephesha, kunye nokwazisa kwezobuchwephesha, kunye nokwazi ukucoceka kwezempilo kunye nokucoceka. Ubungakanani bentengiso buyaqhubeka nokwandisa, kwaye ukwamkelwa kwezinto eziphambili zokuhlamba ezifana ne-tunnel ye-tennel kwi-Sup. Ukwanda kwemveliso yasekhaya yesixhobo sokuhlamba izixhobo kubonisa ukuqola kwengozi ye-China.
Ngelixa imakethi ijongene nemiceli mngeni enjengeendleko ezinyukayo kunye nokhuphiswano, ikwabonelela ngamathuba amaninzi okukhula. Ikamva leli shishini likhangele ukuthembisa, ngokuqhubeka nokunyuka kweTekhnoloji kunye nokugxila okukhulayo kokuzinza. Njengoko imakethi ivela, abavelisi kunye nababoneleli beenkonzo kufuneka bahlale bengamalahle kwaye benza i-carive ukuba basebenzise amathuba kwaye bahlangabezane neemfuno zabathengi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJUL-09-2024