Kule nqaku, siza kuhlalutya iingxaki zendlela yokulawula ilinen yangoku.
Uyilo olungafanelekanga lweGumbi lokuhlamba impahla kunye nemisebenzi yokuHlela engagqitywanga
● Indawo yelineni engcolileyo kunye nendawo yelineni ecocekileyo yeimpahla yokuhlamba impahlaIgumbi livuliwe ngokupheleleyo, lingenazo izahlulo ezivalekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ilineni ehlanjiweyo kunye nelineni engcolileyo ziqokelelwa kwindawo enye yokucubungula. Ilineni engcolileyo iba ngumthombo omkhulu wongcoliseko.
● Indawo yelineni engcolileyo ayinayo indawo yokuqokelela amalaphu angcolileyo (akukho ndawo yokubala emiselweyo yelineni engcolileyo), indawo yokuhlunga, indawo yokuhlamba impahla, indawo yokubulala iintsholongwane, indawo yokugcina iinqwelo ezingcolileyo, kunye negumbi lokuhlambela labasebenzi lokutshintsha impahla yabo.
● Akukho ndawo zokomisa ezibekelwe bucala, iindawo zoku-ayina, iindawo zokuhluza nezokubopha, iindawo zokusasaza, iindawo zokulungisa, iindawo zokugcina izinto, iindawo zokucoca nezokugcina izithuthi, okanye amagumbi okutshintsha abasebenzi, njl.
● Zonke iinkqubo zokuhlamba zenziwa kwindawo enye. Akukho zixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane, kwaye umoya, izibane, umoya ongenisayo, amanzi, ichibi lokubhukuda, njl.njl., azihlangabezani nemigangatho yokuhlamba kwezonyango.
● Akukho mahluko ucacileyo phakathi komnyango ukusuka kwilinen engcolileyo ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlamba impahla kunye nendlela yokuphuma ukusuka kwilinen ecocekileyo ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlamba impahla. Ilineni ecocekileyo kunye nelinen engcolileyo zineendlela ezifanayo zokungena nokuphuma kunye neendlela ezifanayo zokuhamba.
Ngaphezu koko, ukuhambahamba kwabantu ngaphandle kwemida nako kunokukhokelela ekungcoleni. Yonke inkqubo yokuhlamba ayinakufikelela ekutshintsheni ukusuka kokungcolileyo ukuya ekucoceni ngaphandle kokuhamba okuhambayo okanye ukubuya umva, kwaye kukho ithuba elikhulu losulelo oluhambayo.
Izixhobo zokuhlamba iimpahla ezindala
● Iizixhobo zokuhlamba impahlaindala kwaye ibisoloko isetyenziswa ixesha elide, kangangokuba uninzi lweesekethe ludala. Imisebenzi yabasebenzi ayilunganga. Ilineni kwigumbi lokuhlamba impahla iyatsha, nto leyo ebeka iingozi ezininzi ezifihlakeleyo kukhuseleko lomlilo lwezibhedlele.
● Izixhobo zokuhlamba impahla zenza ingxolo enkulu. Ilaphu emva kokuhlamba linemicu emininzi. Ubungakanani bamanzi amdaka akhutshwayo bukhulu. Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zokuhlamba impahla kuxhaphakile kwaye kuyinkimbinkimbi. Oku kuchaphazela imeko-bume yezibhedlele iyonke kwaye kwandisa ubunzima kunye neendleko zolawulo.
● Ngenxa yezixhobo zokuhlamba iimpahla ezingasebenzi kakuhle, imisebenzi yabasebenzi inezinga eliphezulu lokungacwangciswanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezifana namanzi, umbane, umphunga, kunye nezixhobo zeekhemikhali zichithwe.
● Izixhobo zokugqiba emva kokuhlamba azilunganga. Uku-ayina nokusonga iimpahla kunye nelinen (izinto zokulala) akwanelanga, nto leyo echaphazela amava omsebenzisi.
Inkqubo Engacacanga Yokuhlamba Ilinen Engcolileyo
● Xa kuhlanjwa, ilinen engcolileyo ngaphambi kokuhlamba kunye nelinen ecocekileyo emva kokuhlamba ziyalayishwa kwaye zikhutshwe kumnyango omnye wokulayisha. Ilinen isebenza ngumntu omnye ngaphambi nasemva kokuhlamba. Oku kubangela ungcoliseko olungenamsebenzi.
● Ilineni esetyenziswa ngabasebenzi bezonyango, ilineni yosana, ilineni ebhedini yezigulane, ilineni ekwigumbi lokubonelela ngeenkonzo nakumagumbi otyando, ilineni enentsholongwane okanye eyosulelekileyo kakhulu, njl.njl., ayinakuhlanjwa yodwa nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. (umngcipheko omkhulu wosulelo olusasazekayo)
Imithetho neMigqaliselo engaphelelanga yeGumbi lokuhlamba impahla
Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuhlamba, akukho mithetho okanye iimfuno ezibhaliweyo ezineenkcukacha zokuqokelela, ukuhlela, ukuhlamba, ukomisa, ukugoba, uku-ayina, ukulungisa, ukupakisha, ukugcina, ukusasaza, kunye nokuthuthwa kwelinen engcolileyo. Akukho nkqubo yoqeqesho olusebenzayo okanye inkqubo yovavanyo. Isekelwe ngokupheleleyo kumava omsebenzi.
Oku kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezilandelayo:
● Indlela yokuhlamba engafanelekanga
Umgangatho wokuhlanjwa awunakuqinisekiswa. Amabala amaninzi awasuswa. Ilineni ijika ibe tyheli ibe ngwevu emva kokuhlanjwa ixesha elide, nto leyo enika abantu imvakalelo embi.
● Ukuhlamba impahla ngendlela engafanelekanga
Akukho mithetho ifanelekileyo malungaukuhlamba impahlaUbungakanani, ubushushu bokuhlamba, ixesha lokuhlamba, ubungakanani bezinto zeekhemikhali, umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwezinto zeekhemikhali, inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwezinto zeekhemikhali, kunye nolawulo lwexesha lokomisa kwimbiza nganye yomatshini wokuhlamba. Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yelineni, kwaye kukhokelela kwinani elikhulu lelineni elahliweyo.
● Uvavanyo olunganelanga
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiswa kwelinen, ngenxa yovavanyo olunganelanga, iimveliso ezininzi ezikumgangatho ophantsi zadluliselwa kumasebe eklinikhi, nto leyo eyabangela ulwaneliseko oluphantsi kula masebe.
Ilinen eyayifanele ukuba ilungisiwe ayizange ilungiswe.
Ilineni ebifanele ukuba ihlanjwe kwakhona kwaye ihlanjwe ayizange ihlanjwe kwakhona.
Ilineni ebifanele ukuba ilahlwe ayizange ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ilahlwe...
● Ukubulala iintsholongwane okunganelanga
Ukucoca igumbi lokuhlamba impahla ngaphakathi akwenziwanga kakuhle. Akukho ndawo ikhethekileyo okanye umgangatho wobuchwephesha wokucoca nokubulala iintsholongwane kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswayo (iitroli zokuthutha, izinto zokupakisha, iingobozi zeplastiki...) Oku kwandisa amathuba okuba ilinen ecocekileyo ihlanjululwe.
● Uhlolo olunganelanga
Izalathisi ezibonakalayo zelinen ecocekileyo (ixabiso le-pH kufuneka libe phakathi kwe-6.5 kunye ne-7.5) kunye nezalathisi zeentsholongwane (inani lilonke leebhaktheriya ≤200, akukho bhaktheriya ye-coliform kunye ne-Staphylococcus aureus…) azizange zithathwe iisampulu ngokungqongqo imihla ngemihla. Oku akuhlangabezani neemfuno zokuhlamba ngezonyango.
Ukuhlela nokubala ilinen ngendlela ephikisanayo
● Ukuthintela usulelo oluhambelanayo, iibhedi zithuthwa ngabasebenzi bokucoca kwicandelo ngalinye ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlamba impahla ukuze zibalwe ngababini endaweni yokuba zibalwe ubuso ngobuso nabahlengikazi abakwiiwodi.
Oku kudla ngokukhokelela kwiingxabano neengxabano phakathi kwegumbi lokuhlamba impahla kunye nabasebenzi bolawulo lwepropathi ngokweenkcukacha zokunikezelwa kwelaphu.
● Ukusetyenziswa kwelineni lisebe kuye kwandisa umthwalo womsebenzi kunye nobunzima bokuhlela abasebenzi bokuhlamba impahla.
Oku kukhokelela ekusasazweni rhoqo kweenkonzo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokudideka phakathi kwamasebe ezonyango.
● Kwiilineni ezininzi, abantu banokubona amagama atshintshiweyo nabhalwe ngesandla amacandelo, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ubuhle beelineni zonyango.
Ukunqongophala kweLinen kwigumbi lokuhlamba impahla
● Ukuba igumbi lokuhlamba impahla lichaphazeleka zizinto ezingezizo ezomntu ezifana nokucinywa kwamanzi nombane, amaqondo obushushu aphantsi ebusika, umbane omninzi, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo, amasebe ezonyango adla ngokungxama ukuyokhalaza ngenxa yokungakwazi ukujika ilinen.
● Xa izibhedlele zithenga ilineni yezonyango zodwa, kufuneka zilandele inkqubo yokubhida yokuthenga edibeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, zihlala zingaphumeleli ukuhambisana nesantya sokukhuhla nokuhlaziya ilineni ngexesha. Oku kukhokelela kwiingxaki okanye ukunqongophala kokutshintshwa kwelineni yezonyango.
Imigangatho Engaqinisekanga Yokukrazula Iibhedi
Akukho migangatho ineenkcukacha zokukrazula ilinen. Ilinen eyonakeleyo yalungiswa amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba ibikwe njengelahleko, nto leyo eyayonakalisa umfanekiso wezonyango ngokubanzi.
Izigulane ezilaliswe ngaphakathi azithandi ukusebenzisa ilinen eneziqwenga ezininzi, kwaye ngenxa yoko, amasebe ezonyango ahlala efumana izikhalazo ezivela kwizigulane. Oku kuzisa ingxaki enkulu kulawulo lwelinen yezonyango ezibhedlele.
Ukudideka Kwamaqela Ahlukeneyo Ezinto Zokulala
Isibhedlele sisebenzisa inkqubo yokuthenga impahla yaso edibeneyo.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthenga, kunzima ukuqinisekisa umgangatho welinen ngokubona okuvakalayo. Bahlala bekhetha ababoneleli ngokusekelwe kwixabiso. Ngenxa yotshintsho kubathengisi kunye neebhetshi ezahlukeneyo zokuthenga, kukho umahluko womgangatho kwilinen ethengiweyo. Idla ngokuba yinto engasetyenziswa emva kokuhlamba izihlandlo ezininzi ngenxa yesantya sokuncipha kakhulu okanye ukufiphala kombala emva kokuhlamba kubushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yokungabi namandla okukhawuleza kombala. Oku kubangela ukungoneliseki phakathi kwamasebe eklinikhi xa kusetyenziswa ilinen.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-18-2025